ѽ (Һ ѽ ǽѬӫ)
Ἷ
Һ
ӫѡ
1910
ѡ ӫѡ
10
ߴ ӫѡ
1
ԫ ӫѡ
ӫ߽߬ ., ߬ ., .ޫ ӫ
տӿ
ū ᡡټ [
4
] ӫѡ:
3(16) 1911. ( )
3(16) Ӵ 1910. ( ߬ .)
10(23) Ӵ 1910. ( ѡ).
ɫߴ Ѽ ǽѬ ᡫ Һ (18881958) ǽѬ 쿬
Һ, ӫѡ 櫽 (18901961).
ѡ ѽ ԫ ӫѽ ߽Ҫѡ ߬
ӿ-߬ ѡ߬ .
ԫ Ԭ Ľ (Һ) ӫ Ե,
ӿѡ Ӵ߫, ߿ ڿ ӫ
ެ տ ԫ (ӫ), ԫ ٽ ԡ
ѡ (ӫ).
1913. Ѽ Կѽ ƿի (ԫ տѻ߬ ӫ߽߬
ɫԫ߬) ӿ-߬
300-Կ 䫼 ɫᡫ ٬ ƿի ߽ ѡ
ἴԡټ Ἷ Ἷ, ٻѡټ ߽ Ѵ
ԫ
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1
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[
2
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3
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[
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5
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6
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տӿ ѽ (Һ)
տӿ ѽ (Һ)
տӿ ѽ (Һ) ߬ .߬, 1993.
Ѯ ѽ Һ
Һ ѽ ǽѬӫ, ԫ ѽ
ѽ Һ (߽) Ե : ǽѬӫ 쿬Ѽ ()
[
1938.
]
[
1938-1947.
]
[
1947-1949.
]
[
1949-1958.
]
[
1958-1962.
]
[
1962-1966.
]
[
1966-1983.
]
[
1983-1996.
]
Ҫѡ
ӫ߽߬ ., ߬ ., ӿ-߬ ߬ ѡ߬ ( 3- .)
䫽
1916
1929
6 , ߽ ӿ Ե Ӽ, ٽ ӿ-߬ ߬ ѡ߬
ԬἿ տѮ ԫѮ ѡ Ľ.
ѽ Һ ߴ Ӭ-ӿի߬ ެ.
ġ ߽ ߬ԡ ѽ ӫ.
ū߽ ߬ Ѽ ٽ ᵿӫ, ٽ
߬ ѽ.
ѽ ӿ ߴ ߬ ѽ.
1918. ӿ ƿի ߡ Կ ߬ , ߫ԫ ԫ
߫ ԿѽѼ ƿի. ӿ ӿ 8-ԡѼ Һ
Ӵߡ, ߬Ѯ Ԭ, Ѽ ټ ߽ .
Ἷ ѽ ӿ Ѽ ѽ
ᵿ Ӵ ѽ 1929.
31 1929. ի ߽߫Ҫ Ե, ӿ ߽
ӫ ߬ ӿ ӫ߬ ١߬
߽ѡ Ҽѡ ѽ Һ ӫ
ӫ, ӫ߬ ߫-ѫѡ߬ ӽἫ-١߬ Ҫ߬
䫽
, ѵ, , ӫ ᬿ Ἷ ӻ.ӽ
1929
ѡ
31
ߴ
3
1932
忽 ӫ߬ ߫-ѫѡ߬ ӽἫ-١߬ .
, ѪѮ .
Ѽ ѽ Һ ѽ ӫ
, , ߽ Ӵ ԫԫ ᬿ
߫ ټ Ἷ ӻ.ӽ.
Ѽ ӽἫ-١߬ ѽ Һ,
߽ѡ ѻ߬ ǽѬ߿ (濼߬), ӿ, ӿ ӿ
Ӵ߫.
1932. ߽ ի ߫-ѫѡ߬ ӽἫ-١߬ Ӵ
ѽ Һ ٽ ١Ҫѡ ӫ. ġ Կߴ ӫѽ
ӫ
ӫ߽߬ ., ߬ ., .ޫ ӫ
1932
1938
߬ ӫѽ ӫ . ġ ӫߴ ߬ԡ
ѡ ѽѬ ᡵ
Ҫѡ
ӫ߽߬ ., ., ѫ߬ Ӭ
䫽
Ӭ ի,
1932
1938
Һ ԫ 髽 ѽ
ԫ ԫ ѽ.
ѽ ի ѫ߬ү Ӭ, ѽ ӫ Ӭ ի
ӿ ӿ ӫ 쿬 (ӫᡫ)
ӫ
ӫ߽߬ ., . (ɫᡫ-ӿ߫߬)
1938
1941
ӫ߽߬ ., .
1941
ѡ
13
ߴ
5
ԫ ѽ Һ "߬".
ԫ ѽ տѻ߬ ӫ߽߬ ӽ (ɴѡ)
ӫի 쿬Ѽ (ӫᡫټ)
Ҫѡ
30
/07
/1941
ѡ
"Կ / һ ѡ߽ҪѽѮ տѻ߬ ӽἫ (ɴѡټ)"
.5810 .1, 5811
ӿ
6
һ ѽ
"ѽ ӫ 쿬 (ӫᡫ), (Һ) ., ӫ߽߬ ., ., 1941."
ӫ ߽ѻ , Ӵ Ӵ ѡ
ӫ 쿬 (ӫᡫ) ٽ ѽ 3 ѡԴӴ 1941.
ѽ (Һ) ٽ ӿѡ 6
ᬽѡ
ӫ߬ ., Խ
1941
1947
տӿ (Һ):
" ӫ Ҽѡ, 쿡 ѯ ߽ޡ ,
. Ѽ Ӵ ѽ
ѽѡ . ӿ ԫ 810 ӫ... ӫ߬ ٮ
ի ի... -ԫ Ҽѡ 쿡 ӿ: "! Ӭ
Ԭٽ, ѵ ӫԫѮ ǡԫ 諼 ߽Ҫ ӫԫѮ
ԫӫ Կ-ԫ? ߽ , Կ -ԫ Ӭ ӿԿ, ...
ԫӫ Կ ѡ ٽ ѽ, ӡѮ ү...
ԫ-ԫ Ѯ... ٽ!... ġ -ԫ ԫ Կի
ի ӿ:
"! Ԭٽ Ӭ , ѵ ǡԫ 諼 Ӵ
߽Ҫ. ӿԿ, ԫ -ԫ!"
" , ެ, ӫ߬ ", ӯ Ѯ.
ٮ ѡ, Ҫ ӿ: ", ի-ԫ ԻԿ ӿ
ӿԿߴ!" ", ߬ ", Ѯ ѽ.
... ٺ ѡ , "خ, 513! Ѽ ߬, Կ
-ԫ ...Ἷ ԫ Ѽ, ӿ ԡ-
ѽѬ. ӿ, !"... , Ҫ ߽,
ի , : " ӫ, ѽ! ūѼ, ?
. ԡ Կ, Ѭ... ū. ӿ ӫ,
- Ҽѡ, տӿ ӫԫ տ... ٽ Կ߬
ӫ ѵ ߿... Ӵ Ѽ. Կ-ԫ!
߬, ! ӿ ԫ ԫ ԫ Ѫ -ԫ -ԫ, ߽
ᬫ Ӭ Ѽ, ԫ ޡ.
"ӿ, ! ԯެ .ǡԫ 諼 Ӵߡ. Ҫ!"
߽Ѻ-ԫ Ѭ! ԫ ߽Ѻ , ߽ ԫ .
! -ԫ ᬽѡ Ӭ! ɫ , ߽Ҫ !
ի ԫ ެ, ѽᡡٮ Ӭ. Ҽѡ,
ެ-ԫ ѽ! , ... ɫ ! ġ ӿ
ԫ ѡ Ӭ, 濫߬ ӡ! ѡ,
߬: "ӿ, , ߿ ѽ !" ӿԿ.
ѵ ǡԫ 諼 ԫ, ᬫӼ. ԫެ ߬
Ҽү, ӿ ӿ... , ӫ, ӫ!
. ӡ ӫ , Ҫ ѻ ի ѽ
ӿڿ ӿԫ ᮡ. ߬:
"ѵ, 513 ! ӡҽ!"
1947. ѽ ӡҽߴ
Ҫѡ
ӫ߽߬ ., .
䫽
Ӭ ի, , ѵ
1947
1949
ѡ
1
ߴ
12
ԫ "Ժӡ". Ѽ
ի Ӭ, ӿ, ѽ ӫ
ӫ߽߬ ., .
1949
ѡ
1
ߴ
12
Ҫѡ
.
/.
/1949
ӿ
ٽ ѽѡ
1949. ( ӫ ѡ 1941.) ѽ Һ ٽ ߽߫ ѫѽѡ
Ѽ
ᬽѡ
, ӫ-߬ ., .ӫ߬
1949
Ҫѡ
, .ӫ߬, ߫ ǻԫ
䫽
Ὣڿ, ڿ ѵ
1949
1954
ѡ
20
ߴ
8
ٽ, ӡ ӫԫ,
Ѽ ӫ߬ ߫ ߽ҪѡѼ,
ᡡԿ ڿ ѵ.
忽 ѽ һ, ѽ ի.
20 1954. ѵѡ .ӫ߬ Һ ٽ
۴ѡ ߡԿ ѡ.
ū߽ ԫ Կߴ
ӫ߽߬ ., ., ߬ѡ߬ ߫
䫽
Ὣڿ, Ӭ ի, ѵ
1954
ߴ
8
1958
ѡ
20
ߴ
8
ӫߴ Ӭӫԫ, ߴ ӫѽ
ӫ, ӫ Ӭ ߬ӫ.
Ѽ ߽Ҫ ѵ, ѽ ӫ ӿ ߬ѡ߬
߫.
Կߴ ѫѡѮ Ѯ, ѻ߬ ߬, һڿ
ӫ߽߬ ѻտѮ.
25 ѽ 1955. ѽ Һ ѻ߬ ӫ Ҭѡ
ѡٮ .
ᬫ Ҭѡ Ὣ ټ ԫ ߽ ᵿ 1958.
Ҭѡ
ᬫ
1958
ѡ
9
ߴ
3
ԫ
ӫ߽, ѫӫ߬ ٮ ߫
ԫ Ҭ
ѻ߬ ߬ ῴ ()
Ѯ
1958
ѡ
16
ߴ
3
ԫ
ӫ߽, ѫӫ߬ ٮ ߫
ԫ Ҭ
ѻ߬ ߬ ῴ ()
Ҫѡ
ӫ߽߬ ., ߬ ., .Ӻ, ߬ѡ߬ Ӭ
Ѯ
䫽
ԫѽ
1958
ߴ
3
1960
ߴ
3
ӫ߽߬ ., ѬҺ߬ ., .ա-쿬ҽ߬, ӫ Ӭ
Ѯ
䫽
ԫѽ
1960
ѡ
7
ߴ
3
1962
ѡ
11
ߴ
11
16 1961. Ѯ ѽ Һ տѻ߬ 쿬 ӫѡ
߬ ӿ.
9 Ӵ 1961. ٽ ١ѡ Ѻ ߬߬ ӿտ ӿѡ
Һ
ԫ ߬
ѡ
1961
Ѽ ѡ
ѻ߬ ӫ߽߬ ɫԫ߬ 쿬 (ɫԫ)
ٽ ѡ .տ
Ҭѡ
ӫ
ѽ
1962
ѡ
12
ߴ
11
ԫ
ӫ߽, ӫ߬ ٮ ߫
ԫ Ҭ
տѻ߬ ӫ߽߬ ɫԫ߬ 쿬 (ɫԫ)
12 Ӵ 1962. ӫ߬ ߫ ӫ߽ ߽ѡ
Ѯ ӿ ǽѬ߿ (濼߬) Ҭ ߫ѫѡѮ
쿬 ѡ ѽ ӿ ӿѡ Կ
Ҫѡ
ӫ߽߬ ., ѬҺ߬ ., .ա-쿬ҽ߬, ӫ
ӫ
䫽
ԫѽ
1962
ѡ
12
ߴ
11
1966
ߡٮ
ѡ
1963
Ѽ ѡ
Ѯ ӿ ǽѬ߿ I
ٽ ѡ .տ
Ҭѡ
Ҽѡ
1966
ԫ Ҭ
տѻ߬ ӫ߽߬ ɫԫ߬
Ҫѡ
ӫ߽߬ ., ѬҺ߬ ., .ա-쿬ҽ߬, ӫ
Ҽѡ
䫽
ԫѽ
1966
ߴ
3
1983
ѡ
1971
Ѽ ѡ
Ѯ ӿ ſѡ
ٽ ѡ .տ
Ҭѡ
ѡ
1976
Ѽ ѡ
Ѯ ӿ ſѡ
ٽ ѡ .տ
Ҭѡ
տӿ
1983
ѡ
10
ߴ
5
ԫ Ҭ
ӫ ӫ߽߬ ɫԫ߬ ᡡ
Ҫѡ
ӫ߽߬ ., ѬҺ߬ ., .ա-쿬ҽ߬, ӫ
տӿ
䫽
ԫѽ
1983
1991
ѡ
7
ߴ
6
߽Ҫѡ Ѭ ѽ .ѽ ߡ߬ ԫ ѡ
ӿѽ, . ԡ ѽ, ѡ
ѻѬ Ѽӫ, Ԭ Ѽ ӿի ӫ , ӫ߫,
Ѽ. Ѽ ߬, , ߬, ӫ߽
ӫ ԡټ ѡѼ ѡѼ ѡ ӫ߫.
80- .ѽ ӫ Ӵ ѡ 1992. ٽ ١Ҫѡ ҮԿ
. ġ ѽߴ ӿ ߬ѡ߬ ߫, ӫ ߽Ҫ
ӫ, ӿ Ѯ, Ӵ Դѽү Ѻ ի ѡ.
ѡ ի ӵ. ӫ, -߬ ,
Ӻѡ, ԫ ի ӿ߿ ԡ
ѡ, ѡ ӿ ߵѽѡ Ѽ, ӫ߿.
߽ѡ ѽ ӫӽԿ. Կ ԡ .ѽ
߬ ӫ ӫ.
7 1991. տӿ ѽ ٽ ѡ Կ ԫѽ ӫ
Ӭ ٽ ѡ ߫ԫ ӫ
ӫ
ӫ߽߬ ., ѬҺ߬ ., .ա-쿬ҽ߬
1991
ѡ
7
ߴ
6
1992
ߴ
6
1992. տӿ ѽ
ӫ߽߬ ., ., ԫӫ ӿ ߬ѡ߬
1992
ߴ
6
1992
ѡ
7
ߴ
6
Ӵ Ѻ ѡ ի ѡ, .ѽ ߫ ߽Ҫѡ
߬ѡ߬ ߫, Ѽ ӫ ӿѺ Ӫ
諡
1996
ѡ
13
ߴ
1
ԫ
ӫ߽߬ ., .
ԫ իӫѡ
ӫ߽߬ ., . (ɫᡫ-ӿ߫߬), ѫ߬
տӿ ѽ ߬ߴ 86- , ߽ Դѽ Ѻ,
, ӿԿ .ӿԫ ῡ.
諡 . ٽ ӿԿ߬, Կի ӡ.
Ի ѡ ߫ տѻ߬ ӫ߽߬ ɫԫ߬ Ѯ
߽߫Ҫѡ 38 ѡ 7 ᬫ, ӿ ޫ ѡ ӫ ạ .
ū ѡ [
3
] ߬ߴ 1993.
ᵿ
1
21/01/1958
Ѽ Կӫ
ѺҼ ի
ū ѻ߿
1941
2
09/10/1992
ᵿ
1.
ѡ 쿬 իᡫ. տӿ ѽ Һ// . 1996. N 7. .4647.
2.
ѡ: 衿 ἴԿ Կ߬ ѻ߿, ᡡ Ἷ ӫ߽߬ . .2. ӫ߽, 1994. .115.
3.
濡 ѡ߽ҪѽѮ Ӵ ӫ߽߬ ѻտ, ѡ. ɫᡫ-ӿ߫߬ (.): - "", 2003. .25.
4.
տӿ ѽ (Һ). .:" ", 2006. 732. .400405.
5.
տ ., ӫ. ѡ: .4. ӫ (Ԭ), 2005. 151. .124128.
(c) . ҽ