Ἷ ūừ
ӫѡ 1899
ѡ ӫѡ 25
ߴ ӫѡ 3
ԫ ӫѡ ߬ ., ߬ ., .ӫ
ӫԫѮ
ū ԫ [2] — ӫѡ — 1890.
ٽ ١ ԡ Ѽ ѽѺӫ ..ūừ.
忽 ѽѺӫ 3- .諽 ߬ ..
߿ ٽ 2 , ѵ Ҽ, Ѽ ١Ҫѡ ٽ
. 1912. ѽѺӫ .
Ҫ Ѯ
ԫ[1] [2] [3] [4]
ӫԫѮ ūừ ߿
ӫԫѮ ߿ ūừ ӿ ᡫ ūừ
߬ ߿ (ӫ) ӫ. ߿ ūừ, .ެ, 1957.
ᬫ ߿ ūừ, ѵ 1925.
-
Ҫѡ
-
, ѡ߬ ߫
䫽 ӡ,
1916
߿ ӿ߽Ҫ ӿ ߽Ҫ ߫, ѽ ӫ
,
䫽 ߽ޡ, ѽѮ ѻ߬ ߬ ѡ (ӵὫ), ӿ ߬ ѻտ
1915
ѡ 19
ߴ 9
1918
ٽ Ѽѡ ѽѮ ٬ ѡ ߽ޡ ߬ Ӵ
䫽 ᬫ
1921
1922
Ҫ ߡ Ӽ 1919. ū߽ ߬ Ѽѡ (.ӫ,
., . ҽ߬ .) Ԭӫ . ߬
Ѯ. ᬫߴ տӿԫ ߿Ѽ (ӫټ).
Ѫ տӿԫ ߿Ѽ ߿ Ѽ ӫѽ
ߡٮ Ὣ. տӿ ߿, ߿ ,
߬: "ū ᬫ!". ԫ ߿ Կ:
տѼ, ԫ ᬫ".
ɫѡ߬ ߫ѽ 1921. ѻ߬ ߿ (ӫ) Կ
߿ ūừ Կ. ū߽ Կ ѻ߬ ѡ ٻ
ᡡԿ ᬫ ӿ ߽Ҫѡ ٬ ߿, ԫ ٽ
Ѽ ߽Ҫ ( ԫ Ѽ ӫ ߽Ҫ ߡ Ӽ).
1922. ٽ Ѻ ѡ Ӽ, 17 ὴ 1922. ߫ߴ
ᬫ ӿѮ ᡫ ѡ. ѡ ߫ ٬ ߿.
.߿ Ѯѽ ߴ ߽ѡټ ٽ ẵ
ӿԿ߬ , ῼ ӡԿ ᡡԿ.
ڿ ӫԫѮ ߿ ټ ᡡټ ѻ߬ ߿
(ӫ). Ἣ Կ ٬
-
ᬫ
1922
ѡ 25
ߴ 2
ԫ
ԫ Ҭ ѻ߬ ߿ (ӫ)
ӫԫ ӫ ߽ ԫ տӿ ߿ ѻ߬ 1921.
Ҫ ѻ߬ ߿Ѽ ٽ
-
, ӫ Ӭ
ᬫ
1922
1925
-
1925
ѡ ӿ "Ҫѡ ӫ ѽ "
ٽ ԫ, Ҫѡ ٽ .. ٽ , ٽ
߬ ѡ
-
, ӫ Ӭ
ᬫ
1925
1930
ӿὫ ѽ: "ӫ Ӭ — Կ߬ ѡ߬ ".
.߿ ߽߫ᡡټ տѴ: ѻ߬ ߿ (ӫ), տѻ߬ 쿬
(ӫ) . Ѽ ᬽѡ ٬ ߿ .߿
Կ ѻ߬ ߿, Կߴ ӫ ӿ, ӫ
߬ѡ ԫټ ١.
ӿὫ ѽ:
"Ӫ ѻ߬ ߿ (ӫ) ߽ ٽ, ԫӫ ,
Ѽ ټ, Ѻ Ѭ, Ѻ ѯүߴ
ԫ ѵү . ūừ ѽ ѵү Ҫ ڿ ٽټ
ạ , ԡԿ իڿߴ ٽ տѻ߬ 쿬, ѻ߬
߿ (ӫ) ."
.߿ ӫ (1931.):
"ū ٽ ӫ, ԫӫ ӿ߿
үڿ Ӭ ӫ ٬ ߿ ѻ߬ 쿬.
ᡫߴ үڿ ٽ ٽ Կ. ӫ ӫѡ
ٽ, ٽ ѡѪ ... Կ ѡ իߴ
ѻ߬ ߿, ԫ ߫ԫ Կ , ߴ ߽
Կ ӿ (Ҽӽ 29.11.1930.), Կ үڿ.
տѻ߬ 쿬 ᬪ үڿ ѡ, ѡѼ
Ẽ. Կ ӿ ѻ߬ ߿ ѡ տѻ߬ 쿬
߫ , ߽ . ū߽ Կ Ѽ
տѻ߬ 쿬 ѻ߬ ߿ .
Ἷ үڿ, ѻ߬ ߿ տѻ߬
쿬 ߫ѡ ".
ӿὫ ѽ:
" ѻ߬ ߿Ѽ ᬫ ūừ ѽ ѡү Ѻ ѡ.
ᡫ, Կ ߽Ҫ,
ѡ. Կ ᡫ ūừټ ߬
ӫ : ӫ Ӭ ѡ , ٻѡѼ
ߴ ߬ ߽Ҫѡ Ӭ , ԡԿ,
"ү ѽ ߿", Ѯ, Ѯ ӿ, տѻ߬ 쿬, ѻ߬
߿, Ҽѡ Ľ Ἷ". ū ѽѮ, ӫ Ӭ
߬ ūừټ ߽ҪѡѼ : "Ҽ, ,
ڿ Ӭ ẽڿ ". ѻӿӿ Կ
ūừ, ߬ Կ Ӫߴ ӿѽټ ԡѡѼ
Ӵѡ ӫ " ѡ Ѯ".
Կټ ߬ ūừ 1928–1929. ٽ ѡ ߽Ҫѡ
ᬪ , ߿ ߴ ټ ԿѼ.
ūừ, ߬ . ߽ᡡٮ 漿ӡ ߫ Կ ӫ
髿 ѡ, ( ߡ Ѽ ūừ, ߽ ѽ
ūừ ). Կ ӿ , ѿѡ,
ӫ / ѡ Ӭ Ӭ һѡ ԫ
Ѽ.
Ӵ ѡ ӿ Ӭ ѽ, ūừ, ӫѡ ӫԿ
ӫ , ӿ:
" ߬ Կ — ҡԫ ѽ. ߽ ߬
ҡԫ ѽ, Ѯ ٽ ... ߬
Ӭ , իѡ ٽ, Ѽ ߫ үڿ
իѡ...".
ǡὫ ѽ ѡ ūừ, ԫ ӿ ߫
ᬫټ ߬ү ԫ, ԫ
, ӿ ..
ӿ ūừ ѽ ߬ԫ ӿ ԫ , ԫټ
Ӵ.
ū߽ ի ӫ Ӭ ѡ .߿
߽Ҫ 쿬߬ Ӭ
, 쿬߬ Ӭ
ᬫ
1930
1931
ߴ 6
-
, ӵѡ, 17–1
1931
ѡ 3
ߴ 1
Ѽ .߿ ӿ ᡫ ٽ ӫ Ὣԡ Ѯ
Ѽ .߿ Կ ѡ 髿.
ū߽ ѻ߬ ߿ (ӫ) .߿ ѼѮ
Կ ӿ ѻ߬ ߿
-
1931
ѡ 3
ߴ 11
ٽ ԫ ӫԫѼ Կټ, ӫի ߬ټ
(߬) 15 ѡ߽Ҫѽ, տ ӴἿ
-
߫ ӿ 諽
07/03/1932
ѡ " ҬѽѮ / һ Ӭ, ѻ.߿ (ӫ), Կ / ӿ, ѽ ڿ ٽ իѡ"
.58–10,58–11
ӿ 3 Ѯ
һ ѽ "ѽ һ Ӭ, ѻ.߿ (ӫ). , 1931."
ѽ ᬽѡ:
"ٽ ߬ / һӫ ᬵ-տ߬ իѡ Ѭ,
ԫ ѡ ߬ԡ, Ҵ Ӭٮ , ӿ Կ
ԡ , ѽ / , ѡү ӫѡ
ѽѡ үڿ ӫѼ, ӫӿԿ , ԡԿ,
ӫӿԿ, ڿߴ Ӭ, ѽ ߽ҪѽѮ ѽ ҽ.
Ѯ Ҭ ӿѪὫ ӫԫѯ Կ, ᬫ ߿
ūừ, ӫ ߬ (߬).
ߡ ѽ ѫѡ ٽ һӫ
, , ߬Կ
"ѽѮ Ӭ ӿԫ", ߫ ү
, Ѽ, Կ / .
ٽ ѵ ڿ ٽ իѡ
ᬽѡټ ԡ ԫ ("ߡٮ ").
.߿:
" / ᵿ / ѴѽԿ ټ ӿ. ӿ, ԫ
ӿү ٽټ Ѽ ٽ ѡ ѻ߬
߿ տѻ߬ 쿬"
-
, 䫼
1931
ѡ 3
ߴ 11
1932
ߴ 3
1932
1934
ߴ 6
ٽ 2 5 ߴ
-
߬ ., .ެ, ѡ߬ Ӭ
ᬫ
1934
ߴ 6
1936
ѡ 2
ߴ 5
-
߬ ., .ެ
1936
ѡ 2
ߴ 5
ٽ ԫ ѻ߬ ߿Ѽ (ӫټ)
-
߫ ӿ
21/09/1936
ӿ 3
-
ᡫ, ѡ ԯ
1936
ѡ 2
ߴ 5
1936
ӿ ߽ ٽ ᬽѡ ѡѮ ԯ .ᡫ
髽, ٽ ԯ
1936
1936
諼 , .,
1936
1941
ū߽ ѡ 1941. 1945. ߽Ҫ ѡ߽Ҫڿ ӫ
ӫ ѽ ѡ
-
ӫ, 쿬߬ ٮ ߫
ᬫ
1946
ѡ 30
ߴ 4
1947
ū߽ ӫ ӫ
-
ӫԫᬫ
1947
ԫ ѡ, ѫѡ߬ ߫
ԫ Ҭ ѻ߬ Ҫ߬ 濼ѫ
ٽ ѡ ᡫ ӫԫᬫ 1947.
-
ӫ, 쿬߬ ٮ ߫
ӫԫᬫ
1947
1947
ѡ 12
ߴ 9
ᬫ߬ ߽Ҫѡ .߿ ѽټ ӿѼ,
-
Ѯ
1947
ѡ 12
ߴ 9
ԫ ѡ, 쿬߬ ߫
-
ӫ, 쿬߬ ٮ ߫
Ѯ
1947
ѡ 12
ߴ 9
1957
.߿ Խ Ӭ, ӫ ӿ үڿ
߽Ҫѡ
-
ߡٮ
ѡ 1953
-
ӫԫѮ
1957
ԫ Ҭ Ѯ ӿ ǽѬ߿ I
-
ӫ, 쿬߬ ٮ ߫
ӫԫѮ
䫽 ٮ ( 1961.)
1957
1981
1961. ѻ߬ ӫ߬ ӫ߬ Ѽ (⫽ټ)
ٽ ạѡ ի ѡ߽ҪѽѮ ӫ߬ .
1969. ٽ ạѡ ի ӫ߬ ѻտ
-
ߡٮ Ҭѡ
ѡ 1967
ѡ 1977
Ѽ ѡ Ѯ ӿ ſѡ
߽ Ѯ .߿ ߫ ߬ .
1981. ӫ ߿ . ߡټ
ի ѡ. ӫ߿ ߽ѡ .
ӫ ߽ ߽: " ٬... ӯ ..."
-
1981
ѡ 23
ߴ 6
ԫ ӫ
ԫ իӫѡ ӫ, ɫѡ߬
Ի ߫ ߫ ӫ ѡ߬ ӫ߬ ǡԫ
߽߫Ҫѡ իѡ ӿ ޫ ѡ ի ѽѮ
-
07/06/1989
ū ѻ߿ 1932
1.ԡٮ ѫѡ ߿ ӫ, 1887–1962// . 1973. N 107. .170–217. |
2. ӫԫѴ ߿ ūừ. Ҭ. տ . |
3.. 1981. N12. .29–31. |
4., ԫ-ѡ߬ ǽѬӫ߬ ѡ߬ Ӵ. ӿ . Ѭ. ߬ ӿ ߬ ѻտ. . .149–151. |
5. : ӿ ѫ Կѽ ߿, ѻ߬ ӫ߬/ ., ߽. ӿ. ..߿. .: - , 2000. .610. |
6.ԫ- . .: "ի ", 2000. .89–90. |
7., ԫ-ѡ߬ ǽѬӫ߬ ѡ߬ Ӵ. ӿ Ѽ ߬. Ԭ ߬ . . .87. |
8. ӿ Ѽ ߬: 濡 ߬ . ԫ-ѡ߬ ѻտٮ ѡ߬ . ǽѬӫ, 2000. .58. |