Ѻ ǽѬ
Ἷ
Ѻ
ӫѡ
1868
ѡ ӫѡ
25
ߴ ӫѡ
2
ԫ ӫѡ
ѡѡ߬ ., Ѽ߬ ., .諽ӫ
ӫԫѮ
ū ᡡټ [
1
] ԫ ӫѡ:
ӫѪ߬ ., Ѽ߬ ., .諽ӫ.
ɫߴ Կ ߬ Ѽ.
ū ᡡټ [
1
] ӫߴ Ѽ ѡ.
Ѽ , ӫѽ ԫ
ѽ ѡ߬ү ӡ.
ӫѪ߬ , տѮ
ɫ
ѵ ӫ
Ѻ ԫ
ԫ
[
1
]
[
2
]
[
3
]
[
4
]
ӫԫѮ ѫ Ѻ
ӫԫѮ ѫ Ѻ ެ ӿ
ӫԫѮ ѫ Ѻ ެ ӿ ( ) ӿիἿ
ӫԫѮ ѫ Ѻ (߿ ᮡ ) ߫ ѡҪѽ
[
]
[
Ҭѡ
]
[
1918.
]
[
1927.
]
[
1935.
]
[
1935-1936(1937?).
]
[
1949.
]
[
1957.
]
ӫ
ѡ߬ ., .߽
1875
߬ ߽ Ѻ ӫѽ Ҽӽ Կ. ߴ
߿ӫԫ, ᴡ. Ѽ, ի , ѡ
ߴ . Ӭ ѽ ߽ ӫ߬ ի ,
ԫ ߿ӫ , Ѽ . ߴ Կ Կ
ѽ ԫ , Ѯ. ūԫ ԡ
ѽѬ ӫ 쿬ᡫ ԫ. ѽ :
߿ ѡ, ᪿ ߬ԫ, ߴ . ի
Ҫѡ
ѡ߬ ., .߽
䫽
Ӭ ի, ѡ
ӫ ߽Ҫѡ , ԫ իӫ , ѡ
ӿ߿ Ӭٮ ի, ԫ ѡԫ.
, ߿ Ἷ.
Ѻ Ѭԫӫ Ѽ ѡߴ ӿ 쿬ᡫ ԫ ӿ
ẫ
ի Ѽӿ
Ҫѡ
ѡ߬ .
ѡ
߬ .ѫ ٽ Ҭѡ ѡ.
Ѽ ӫ Կ: ١ . ế
ӫ ӫ
ѡ
䫽
ѡٮ ѡ -Ӭ
1913
1917
Ѽ ӫ .ѫ ߽Ҫ ѡټ ѡ ӿѻ
-Ӭ. ᡵ ᡵ, ӫ үڿ
Կ, Ի, ӿ Ѯ. ү ߽Ҫ ߫ Ѻ
߬ Ӵ. 26 1917. Ѽ ӫ ǡԫ.
ӿի ҡԫ Կ -Ӭ ٽ ԫ
, .Ǭԯ߬
ѡ
1917
1918
1917. .ѫ Կߴ ߫ Ѯ ӫ Ѯ, ӿѮ Ӵ.
ġ ѡ ѽ. ġ Ҽ, ԫ ӫ Ҽӽ, ,
ԫ ѡ. Ѫ
, .Ǭԯ߬
1918
1918. Ѭ ӿ .ѫ, իѽ ѽ
Ѽ. ѽ ެ , ѡ, ެ
ӫѡټ ѡ Ҭ . .ѫ ӫ߿ ѡ
ߴ ӫߴ ѼѮ. . ūԫ Կߴ
ߡӼѮ: " ߽ ߬. Կ, ߽ ԫ.
Ѯ ߿ӫἿ. ԫ Ӽ?" ƫ Ӵ ,
ԫ ߽ ߬ᡡ ѮὫ, Ҭ Կ, Կ,
ѽ .ѫ, ߿. ԫ-ԫ ѽ
һ .ѫ, ԫ իԴ ѽ, ԫ ҽ
. ӫ ߡ ӿ, ԫ ԫ. ߬ Ҫ, ӿ, ԫ .
ެ ޡ ԫ, Ѯ ӿ ߬
Ѯ. ߡ, .ѫ ѽ Ѫ ѽѬ, ԫٮ
ѺԿ Ѽ Ѻߡ ԫ. Ѽ ٽ , ԫ , իԴ
ԫ
Ҫѡ
, .
ѡ
Ѽ .ѫ . Կ Ҽ ѡ; Ὣ
ԫ ӫ. ū߽ ١ ǽѬѮ ӫߴ 1923.
߬ ߽ ԫ ӿ ߽ Ѽӿ ١
, .
ٽ ԫ 19231924.
Ҫѡ
.
/.
/1924
ӿ
3 ѡ
ᬽѡ
, ԯ
1924
1927
Ҫѡ
߬ ., .ӿ (.ӿ)
ѡ
1927
1928
.ӿ , Ҫ .ѫ
ѽ߬ .
ѡ
1927
1928
ѽ߬ .
1928
Ҫѡ
.
/.
/1928
ᬽѡ
ѽ߬ ., ԯ
1928
1928
իߴ ԯ 10 ߴ, ߽ ٽ Իѡ ٽ .쿪
߬ (ӿ߬) ., .쿪
1929
1935
ӫ Һ, ԫ .ѫ ѡ ѡ, ެ ӿ
쿬ᡫӫ Ѽ ٽ, Ѯ ᬫ ӿ
Ҫѡ
߬ ., .߬
ѡ
1935
1936
߬ ., .߬
1936
ѡ
8
ߴ
6
Ҫѡ
.
/.
/.
ӿ
10
ӿ ٽ ١ѡ 1936. 1937.
ᬽѡ
߬ ., .߬, ԯ
1936
ߡ߬ ,
1937
Ҫѡ
, .
ѡ
1948
ū߽ ѡ .ѫ, , ӿ ӿ ǡԫ. ġ ѽ ի.
Ӭ ԫ ẫѡ , ߽Ҫ ѽ . ү
߽Ҫ .ѫ ѽѪ, ߫ ߽Ҫѡ ٽ.
ǡԫ ӫ Կ Ѽ , ѻѡ ի Ѻ ٽѮ
.ѫ ߴ ѡ Ӭ үڿ, ѽ Ѽ
ѡ߬ ., .ҽ
ѡ
1948
ӫ
ѡѡ߬ ., ҡ߬ ., ..
1949
ѡѡ߬ ., ҡ߬ ., ..
1949
Ҫѡ
ѡٮ ӿҡ ѡѡ߬ .
30
/06
/1949
ѡ
"/ ᵿ, ӿ ӫ߿ , ỿ ӫӿԿ߬ ӫѡ Ҭ Կ ߬ "
.17,588,5810 .1
ӿ
25 ѡ
Ҫѡ
Ѽӫ߬ ., .߬
ѡ
諼ҡ Ԭ Ӭ. .ѫ Կ, ӿ
ٺ
Ѽӫ߬ ., .
ѡ
1957
Ӭ ٽ ѼԿӫ, Կ , .ѫ
ѽ Ѽ ᮡ, , , Ԭ Ѽ, ӻ
ެ ѡ. Ѻ, ߽Ҫ, ӿի ٽ
ỿ . .ѫ ߴ , Կ,
ٽ . Ѽ ԫ ӿѺ ӫ: իѡ,
ٮ Ѽӫ ӫԫ ӿի.
1957. .ѫ , ѽ
ӫ
ѡ߬ ., .
1957
1957
ѡ
21
ߴ
8
諡
1957
ѡ
21
ߴ
8
ԫ
ѡ߬ ., .
ӿ Կ .ѫ ߽Ҫ ߽ .
ެ ӿ Ҽӽ 5 ѬӴ 1957. .
ᵿ
02/08/1955
Ѽ Կӫ
ѡٮ ӿҡ
ū ѻ߿
1949
ᵿ
1.
ѡ ѡ߬ ѻտ Ѭ. .1./ . ӫ..Ѽ߬. , 1998. .260267.
2.
ѡ ѡ߬ ѻտ Ѭ. .3./ . ӫ..Ѽ߬. ѡ, 2000. .160172.
ѽ
1.
ѽ Ѯ ӫ, ߽ѽ
䫬Ҽѡ
1.
տ ѡѡ߬ . .3863.
(c) . ҽ